Ancient Origins of Sharks

Sharks are some of the oldest creatures on Earth, with fossils dating back over 400 million years. That means they appeared during the Devonian Period, long before dinosaurs and even before trees existed. In comparison, the first trees evolved around 350 million years ago, making sharks at least 50 million years older. Their long survival shows how

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The Vastness of the Universe

The universe is incredibly vast so vast that it’s almost beyond human comprehension. Astronomers estimate that there are over 100 billion galaxies, each containing billions or even trillions of stars. When all those stars are added up, the total number may reach a septillion (that's a 1 followed by 24 zeros) or more. This number is so large that

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How Heat Affects the Eiffel Tower

The Eiffel Tower, one of the most iconic landmarks in the world, can actually grow taller during the summer months. This happens because the iron structure expands when it is heated by the sun. The metal's atoms vibrate more and take up more space, causing the tower to increase in height sometimes by as much as 15 centimeters. This phenomenon is a

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The Surprising Science of Fruit Classification

 In botanical terms, fruits are classified based on how they develop from the flower of a plant. According to this definition, a berry is a fruit that develops from a single ovary and contains multiple seeds, with the entire outer layer being edible. By this definition, bananas qualify as true berries because they meet all of these criteria. They

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